The primary material used in my work, is cottonwood root. I utilize woodworker tools such as a rasp, Xacto knives and stainless steel carving knives. All of my carvings are done by hand. For the pigments, I use natural earth pigment paints, some of which I’ve gathered myself out on Hopi. The feather work on my dolls exhibits duck, pheasant, grouse and parrot feathers. In certain dolls, you will see the use of yucca, raw cotton, moss, seashells and abalone as accents. The type of carving I do is considered old style katsina carving. This style describes katsina dolls that use more natural earth pigments while also carving the dolls position in a stationary manner. This is the style of carving that I was taught & learned from my uncles and grandfathers while growing up in the village of Hotevilla on Third Mesa.